Head : Melihat beberapa baris awal dari suatu file
Contoh : Tail
root@debian:/home/inong# tail /var/log/auth.log
Jan 30 08:20:01 debian PackageKit: uid 1000 obtained auth for org.freedesktop.packagekit.system-sources-refresh
Jan 30 08:25:00 debian su: (to root) inong on pts/0
Jan 30 08:25:00 debian su: pam_unix(su:session): session opened for user root by (uid=1000)
Jan 30 08:26:12 debian sshd[1962]: Accepted password for inong from 192.168.100.15 port 21704 ssh2
Jan 30 08:26:12 debian sshd[1962]: pam_unix(sshd:session): session opened for user inong by (uid=0)
Jan 30 08:26:12 debian systemd-logind[379]: New session 4 of user inong.
Jan 30 08:26:14 debian su: (to root) inong on pts/1
Jan 30 08:26:14 debian su: pam_unix(su:session): session opened for user root by inong(uid=1000)
Jan 30 08:30:01 debian CRON[1984]: pam_unix(cron:session): session opened for user root by (uid=0)
Jan 30 08:30:01 debian CRON[1984]: pam_unix(cron:session): session closed for user root
Contoh : Head
root@debian:/home/inong# head /var/log/auth.log
Jan 30 08:17:58 debian systemd-logind[379]: New seat seat0.
Jan 30 08:17:58 debian systemd-logind[379]: Watching system buttons on /dev/input/event1 (Power Button)
Jan 30 08:17:58 debian systemd-logind[379]: Watching system buttons on /dev/input/event2 (Sleep Button)
Jan 30 08:17:58 debian systemd-logind[379]: Watching system buttons on /dev/input/event0 (AT Translated Set 2 keyboard)
Jan 30 08:17:59 debian sshd[461]: Server listening on 0.0.0.0 port 22.
Jan 30 08:17:59 debian sshd[461]: Server listening on :: port 22.
Jan 30 08:18:00 debian gdm-launch-environment]: pam_unix(gdm-launch-environment:session): session opened for user Debian-gdm by (uid=0)
Jan 30 08:18:00 debian systemd-logind[379]: New session c1 of user Debian-gdm.
Jan 30 08:18:00 debian systemd: pam_unix(systemd-user:session): session opened for user Debian-gdm by (uid=0)
Jan 30 08:18:10 debian polkitd(authority=local): Registered Authentication Agent for unix-session:c1 (system bus name :1.23 [/usr/bin/gnome-shell], object path /org/freedesktop/PolicyKit1/AuthenticationAgent, locale en_US.UTF-8)
root@debian:/home/inong# head -n 5 /var/log/auth.log
Jan 30 08:17:58 debian systemd-logind[379]: New seat seat0.
Jan 30 08:17:58 debian systemd-logind[379]: Watching system buttons on /dev/input/event1 (Power Button)
Jan 30 08:17:58 debian systemd-logind[379]: Watching system buttons on /dev/input/event2 (Sleep Button)
Jan 30 08:17:58 debian systemd-logind[379]: Watching system buttons on /dev/input/event0 (AT Translated Set 2 keyboard)
Jan 30 08:17:59 debian sshd[461]: Server listening on 0.0.0.0 port 22.
root@debian:/home/inong# tail -n 5 /var/log/auth.log
Jan 30 08:17:58 debian systemd-logind[379]: New seat seat0.
Jan 30 08:17:58 debian systemd-logind[379]: Watching system buttons on /dev/input/event1 (Power Button)
Jan 30 08:17:58 debian systemd-logind[379]: Watching system buttons on /dev/input/event2 (Sleep Button)
Jan 30 08:17:58 debian systemd-logind[379]: Watching system buttons on /dev/input/event0 (AT Translated Set 2 keyboard)
Jan 30 08:17:59 debian sshd[461]: Server listening on 0.0.0.0 port 22.
root@debian:/home/inong# tail -f /var/log/auth.log
Jan 30 08:20:01 debian PackageKit: uid 1000 obtained auth for org.freedesktop.packagekit.system-sources-refresh
Jan 30 08:25:00 debian su: (to root) inong on pts/0
Jan 30 08:25:00 debian su: pam_unix(su:session): session opened for user root by (uid=1000)
Jan 30 08:26:12 debian sshd[1962]: Accepted password for inong from 192.168.100.15 port 21704 ssh2
Jan 30 08:26:12 debian sshd[1962]: pam_unix(sshd:session): session opened for user inong by (uid=0)
Jan 30 08:26:12 debian systemd-logind[379]: New session 4 of user inong.
Jan 30 08:26:14 debian su: (to root) inong on pts/1
Jan 30 08:26:14 debian su: pam_unix(su:session): session opened for user root by inong(uid=1000)
Jan 30 08:30:01 debian CRON[1984]: pam_unix(cron:session): session opened for user root by (uid=0)
Jan 30 08:30:01 debian CRON[1984]: pam_unix(cron:session): session closed for user root
Jan 30 08:48:19 debian sshd[2015]: Accepted password for inong from 192.168.100.15 port 21790 ssh2
Jan 30 08:48:19 debian sshd[2015]: pam_unix(sshd:session): session opened for user inong by (uid=0)
Jan 30 08:48:19 debian systemd-logind[379]: New session 6 of user inong.
Jan 30 08:48:23 debian sshd[2015]: pam_unix(sshd:session): session closed for user inong
Jan 30 08:48:23 debian systemd-logind[379]: Session 6 logged out. Waiting for processes to exit.
Jan 30 08:48:23 debian systemd-logind[379]: Removed session 6.